Journal Information
Vol. 40. Issue. 4.July - August 2020
Pages 371-490
Visits
8375
Vol. 40. Issue. 4.July - August 2020
Pages 371-490
Editorial
Open Access
Spanish Registry of glomerulonephritis 2020 revisited: past, current data and new challenges
Registro de glomerulonefritis de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología en 2019: pasado, presente y nuevos retos
Visits
8375
Juan M. López-Gómeza,
Corresponding author
juanmlopez@senefro.org

Corresponding author.
, Francisco Riverab
a Nefrología, Hospital Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
b Nefrología, Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
Full Text
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Figures (13)
Show moreShow less
Tables (6)
Table 1. Multicenter publications on biopsied kidney disease.
Table 2. Number and proportion of kidney biopsies by time periods.
Table 3. Age, gender, hypertension and renal function according to age groups.
Table 4. Summary of data from the Glomerulonephritis Registry (1994-2019). General data.
Table 5. Summary of data from the Glomerulonephritis Registry (1994-2019). Data and trends according to age groups.
Show moreShow less
Full Text
Past

In our country, there is a long tradition of designing and maintaining records of the most prevalent kidney diseases such as glomerulonephritis (GN) and pathologies diagnosed by kidney biopsy. The studies on the epidemiology of biopsy kidney diseases in Spain, especially glomerular pathologies, was started in 1986 when the decrease in the incidence of membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) was independently described in two hospitals in Madrid.1,2 At that time, a publication in the journal Nefrología insisted on the need to join efforts to create study groups with the purpose of obtaining consistent and reliable multicenter data.3 Shortly after, in 1987, the first reports were published, both in the child population (1364 cases)4 and in the adult population (8545 cases),5,6 including kidney biopsies performed between 1970 and 1986. These publications, made by the SEN Study Group, mark the beginning of continued and productive work at the national level, a fact that was favorably commented on and encouraged by the then Director of the Nephrology Journal.7 A few years later, in 1990, a multicenter study was published, including 2123 kidney biopsies, carried out in 1987 and 1988, which consolidated the so-called "Spanish Registry of Glomerulonephritis (REGN)".8 Based on this registry there were several publications in the 90 s, reporting the results of kidney biopsies nationwide, with a significant percentage of participation by the Nephrology Services or Units of the entire country.9–15 In 1994, there were two new features introduced in data collection: a) filling individualized information of each patient to facilitate statistical processing and b) inclusion of non-glomerular pathology. With the information collected with a record for each renal biopsy, the first publication was made in Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation in 2002,16 which had a high impact. In summary, 23 manuscripts have been published4,8–27: 12 in Nefrologia4,8,10–15,25 and 11 in other international journals16,26,27 (el numero de publicaciones no se corresponde con el numero de referencias). The reliability of the registry was demonstrated by the publication of detailed information about the incidence and prevalence of the different renal histological forms,6,8,10–13,15,16,25 as well as its correlations with the clinical expression,18 both in the child4 and in the elderly.14,20 In addition, certain clinical syndromes such as: acute renal failure,19 hematuria26 and nephrotic syndrome9 have been studied in depth. Various renal entities have been analyzed, such as IgA nephropathy,27 extracapillary GN,24 membranoproliferative GN,4,5,17 lupus nephritis,21 amyloidosis23 and acute tubulointerstitial nephritis.22 Since 1988 these data have been presented in the session of Registries at the annual congresses of the SEN, downloadable from the SEN website.28 To facilitate participation, for about 15 years, data has been sent electronically through the SEN website. As a last novelty, there has been stablished a link to send biopsy material to the SEN Biobank (https://www.senefro.org/modules.php?name=webstructure&idwebstructure=30) with the objective to collaborate with applied research using techniques of molecular biology and precision medicine.

With these information, it is confirmed that REGN is one of the largest and most reliable registries worldwide, since the mentioned manuscripts are included among the references of the research dealing with the epidemiology of the kidney biopsy diseases.

It is well known that kidney disease registries provide key information to be applied in clinical practice since it provides knowledge of the most frequent pathologies with real data on their incidence and prevalence,29 it facilitates the implementation of prevention and treatment protocols, as well as serving as the basis for multicenter clinical studies and trials. One of the fundamental points in of a registry is collaboration nationwide, with a form of data entry previously agreed,31 and a uniform policy of indication of renal biopsy32,33; the information obtained helps to answer unresolved questions about prevention and treatment of kidney diseases.34 As discussed in a previous publication, these were the reasons for the generation and development of the REGN.35 Another reason for having a registry of biopsied kidney diseases is that many pathologies, especially glomerular diseases, can only be diagnosed with certainty by doing a renal biopsy.30 A good example of this is the value of renal biopsy in acute renal failure36 or the study of glomerular pathology in elderly patients.37–39 Finally, the information provided with the registry may contribute to assess the overload that these diseases have on the health system due to the number of hospitalizations, progression towards advanced renal failure and deaths.40,41

Studies from a single center give relevant but insufficient information. However, a number of studies carried out in a single reference center have been published, such as studies from in Springfield and Minnesota in the US,42,43 Colombia,44 Ireland,45 Helsinki,46 Belgium,47 Germany,48,49 Porto (Portugal),50 Macedonia,51 Serbia,52 Poland,53 India,54 Japan,55 China,56 Korea,57 Thailand,58,59 Egypt,60,61 South Africa,62 South Asia63, Pakistan.64 In addition, local data have been published about certain renal syndromes, such as nephrotic syndrome in Chicago,65 China66 and Pakistan,67 acute kidney failure in Chicago68 and India69 and urinary disorders in Serbia.70 And also about specific entities as referents about the IgA N in Kentucky and in 24 states of the South and Midwest of USA,71,72 Focal Segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSG) in USA73,74 and Brazil,75 primary GN in Sao Paulo (Brazil)76 and UK,77 membranous nephropathy in UK,78 renal vasculitis in Norfolk (UK),79 extracapillary GN-pauci immune in Stockholm80 and Estonia,81 and thin basement membrane in Limburg (Netherlands).82 Finally, some studies have focused on certain age groups such as the child population in China83 and South Asia63 or in patients ≥ 60 years in Chicago,68 ≥ 65 in Ireland,45 Japan84 and Turkey85 and in ≥ 80 years in Japan86 and USA87.

National or multicenter registries are the most reliable to know the epidemiology of biopsied kidney diseases and allow comparisons; in Table 1, are indicated most of these studies, including those made in the UK,88–91 France,92,93 New Caledonia,94 Italy,95–101 India,102 United Arab Emirates,103 Japan,104–118 Denmark,119,129 Singapore,121 Peru,122 Australia,123 Korea,124 China,125 Czech Republic,126,127 Hungary,128 Croatia,129 Uruguay,130 Romania,131,132 Brazil,133–136 Lebanon,137 States States,138 Lithuania,139 Turkey,140 Colombia,141 Norway142–144 and Poland,145 among the most important. IgA Nephropathy is the most frequent nephropathy in Europe and Asia, while in the USA the FSG could be increasing.42,73,74,146

Table 1.

Multicenter publications on biopsied kidney disease.

Authors  Country  No. biopsies  Comments 
Johnston et al.88    599  IgAN data 
Johnston et al.90  UK  255  NS data in the elderly 
Hedger et al.89    241  Renal vasculitis data 
McQuarrie et al.91    2480  Incidence variations in Scotland 
Simon et al.92    942  IgAN as the most frequent 
Simon et al.93  France  1742  IgAN as the most frequent 
Painter et al.94  New Caledonia  275  IgAN and FGS as the most frequent 
Stratta et al.95    1926  IgAN as the most frequent 
Schena et al.96    15,461  IgAN and MN as the most frequent 
Coppo et al.97  Italy  432  IgAN and Henoch – Schönlein purpura nephropathy in children 
Vendemia et al.98    2511  MN and proliferative extracapillary GN in ≥ 65 years 
Gesualdo et al.34    14,607  IgAN and nephroangiosclerosis as the most frequent 
Lupo et al.99    816  IgAN as the most frequent in primary GN 
Zaza et al.100    2680  IgAN as the most frequent 
Zaza et al.101    1185  IgAN, FSG and MN in patients with advanced renal failure 
Chugh et al.102  India  2947  High prevalence of nephrotic syndrome: minimal changes, amyloidosis (leprosy and other infections) 
Yahya et al., 103  United Arab Emirates  490  Predominance of proliferative GN and MN 
Research Group on Progressive Chronic Renal Disease.149       
Iseki et al.105    1850  High prevalence of IgAN 
Imai et al.106  Japan  2832  Renal survival according to renal biopsy results 
Sugiyama et al.107    281  Amyloidosis review 
Yokoyama et al.108  Japan  2400  IgAN and MN prevalence 
Yokoyama et al.109    2082  Data from patients ≥ 65−83 years (prevalence of vasculitis ANCA + ) 
Kawamura et al 110    3073  Data in the elderly 
Sugiyama et al.111    79  MN data 
Yokoyama et al.112    4016  MPGN data 
Yokoyama et al.113    438  IgAN and MN prevalence 
Nakashima et al.114    328  Data on Nephrotic syndrome in patients ≥65 years 
Hiromura et al.115    47  Data on drug induced nephropathy 
Nishi et al.116    331  Data on IgG-4 associated disease 
Komatsu et al.117    281  LN data 
Nakaga wa et al.118    152  Amyloidosis data 
    593  Data from Henoch-Schönlein nephritis in ≥ 65 years 
      MPGN data 
Heaf et al.119,120  Denmark  2380  High prevalence of proliferative mesangial GN and MC 
Woo et al.121  Singapore  2102  High prevalence of proliferative mesangial GN and MC. Role of environmental antigens 
Hurtado et al.122  Peru  1263  Prevalence of LN and MPGN 
Briganti et al.123  Australia  2030  Prevalence of IgAN and FSG 
Choi et al.124  Korea  4514  Prevalence of MC and IgAN 
Li et al.125  China  13,519  Prevalence of IgAN and LN 
Rychlik et al.126  Czech Republic  4004  Prevalence of IgAN and MC 
Maixnerova et al.127    10,472  Prevalence of IgAN, MN, LN and MC 
Horvatic et al.129  Croatia  922  Prevalence of IgAN, FSG and MN 
Sipiczki et al.128  hungr ed  798  Prevalence of IgAN and MN 
Mazzuchi et al.130  Uruguay  2058  Prevalence of FSG and LN GSF and NL prevalence 
Covic et al.131  Romania  635  Prevalence of MPGN and mesangioproliferative 
Gusbeth-Tatomir et al.132    336  Prevalence of MPGN and mesangioproliferative 
Malafont e et al.133    2086  Prevalence FSG and MN 
Polito et al.134  Brazil  9617  Prevalence FSG and MN 
Costa et al.135    1151  Prevalence FSG and GNMP 
Machado et al.136  Brazil  582  Prevalence of FSG, MC and IgAN 
Karnib et al.137  Lebanon  1327  Prevalence of mesangioproliferative GN and FSG 
Layton et al 138  U.S  217  Difficulty classifying results of kidney biopsy 
Brazdziute et al.139  Lithuania  5368  Prevalence IgAN and FSG 
Fidan et al.140  Turkey  3982  Child population data: prevalence of FSG and Henoch-Schönlein purpura 
Barrera et al.141  Colombia  12,613  Prevalence of Glomerulosclerosis, IgAN and LN 
Norby et al.142    178  LN data 
Bjorneklett et al.143  Norway  81  Renal Vasculitis ANCA + in the elderly 
Bjorneklett et al.144    357  Evolution of Renal Vasculitis ANCA + according to gender 
Perkowska-Ptasinska et al.145  Poland  3934  Prevalence of IgAN and FSG 

MC: minimal changes; GN: glomerulonephritis; MPGN: membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, FSG: focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; IgAN: IgA nephropathy; LN: lupus nephropathy; MN: membranous nephropathy; NS: nephrotic syndrome.

The REGN, which has more than 28,000 kidney biopsies in 2018, is only comparable to the registries of Italy34 and Japan118 that have collected, at least until their latest publications, between 15,000 and 26,000 biopsies, respectively.

In the present publication we want to summarize in broad terms the results of our REGN registry, think about the future, examine the current data in 2019, as well as the innovations necessary to maintain it updated and useful.

Present, updated data

During the last 26 years (from 1994 to 2019), 27,116 kidney biopsies have been collected (92% first biopsy), with an average of 1042 biopsies per year. A total of 157 Nephrology Units have participated, the list is shown in the Appendix A.

The years of study have been grouped into 5 periods of 5 years each (except the last one that includes 6 years): 1994−1998, 1999−2003, 2004−2008, 2009−2013 and 2014−2019. The ages at the time of the biopsy they have been separated into 4 intervals: < 15 years, 15−65 years, 65−80 years and> 80 years. Histological diagnoses have been grouped into 5 sections: primary GN, secondary GN, tubulointerstitial nephropathy and vascular nephropathies. The rest (hereditary or difficult to classify) have been labeled as"other".

Table 2 indicates the number and percentage of biopsies performed in each time interval according to the age group.

Table 2.

Number and proportion of kidney biopsies by time periods.

Age (years)  1994−1998 n (%) *  1999−2003 n (%) *  2004−2008 n (%) *  2009−2013 n (%) *  2014−2019 n (%) *  Total N (%) * 
< 15  487 (8.5)  292 (6.1)  188 (3.2)  116 (2.2)  148 (2.9)  1231 (4.6%) 
15−65  4107 (71.8)  3355 (70.5)  4236 (73.0)  3683 (70.6)  3471 (67.1)  18,852 (70.7) 
65−80  1058 (18.5)  1012 (21.3)  1252 (21.6)  1232 (23.6)  1331 (25.7)  5885 (22.1) 
> 80  70 (1.2)  100 (2.1)  124 (2.1)  185 (3.5)  224 (4.3)  703 (2.6) 
Total  5722  4759  5800  5216  5174  26,671 ** 

*Percentage with respect to total in each period of time.

**Total number of cases in groups of age documented in the registry.

The median ages and creatinine at the time of the renal biopsy of the entire population are 50 years and 1.6 mg / dl, respectively (neither one have a Gaussian distribution). Males predominate over females, with a ratio of 1.5. The prevalence of hypertension is 55%. In Table 3 these values are given for each age group.

Table 3.

Age, gender, hypertension and renal function according to age groups.

Age group (years)  Age (years) (median) *  Quotient Male/ Female  Hypertension (%)  Serum creatinine (median, mg / dl) * 
< 15 (n = 1.231)  10  1.3  19  0.6 
15−65 (n = 18,852)  44  1.5  52  1.4 
65−80 n = 5.885)  72  1.6  69  2.5 
> 80 (n = 703)  83  1.3  69  3.2 
Total (n ° = 26.671)  50  1.5  55  1.6 

* Non-Gaussian distribution.

Regarding the study method, 74.7% of the biopsies had a simultaneous study with an optical microscope and immunofluorescence, 17.8% also had electron microscopy, while 7% only had a study with optical microscopy and 0.5% only immunofluorescence.

The proportions of the renal syndromes at the time of the renal biopsy are indicated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Distribution of renal syndromes at the time of renal biopsy.

(0.07MB).

Figs. 2 and 3 show the overall prevalence of all grouped kidney biopsies and for specific diagnoses, respectively.

Fig. 2.

Prevalence of nephropathies by groups.

(0.1MB).
Fig. 3.

Prevalence of specific nephropathies biopsied.

(0.14MB).

Figs. 47 summarize the prevalence in the different age ranges.

Fig. 4.

Prevalence of biopsied kidney disease in patients <15 years.

(0.12MB).
Fig. 5.

Prevalence of biopsied kidney diseases in patients 15-65 years.

(0.12MB).
Fig. 6.

Prevalence of biopsied kidney diseases in patients 65-80 years.

(0.13MB).
Fig. 7.

Prevalence of biopsied kidney diseases in patients > 80 years.

(0.11MB).

Figs. 8 and 9 show the trend of the most frequent kidney pathologies, grouped and by histological diagnoses, respectively.

Fig. 8.

Evolution of the most frequent biopsied pathologies by groups.

(0.06MB).
Fig. 9.

Evolution of the most frequent specific pathologies.

(0.1MB).

Figs. 1013 show the trends of the biopsied pathologies in each age interval, <15 years, 15-65 years, 65-80 years and > 80 years, respectively.

Fig. 10.

Evolution of the most frequent biopsied pathologies in patients <15 years.

(0.11MB).
Fig. 11.

Evolution of the most frequent biopsied pathologies in patients 15-65 years.

(0.11MB).
Fig. 12.

Evolution of the most frequent biopsied pathologies in patients 65-80 years.

(0.11MB).
Fig. 13.

Evolution of the most frequent biopsied pathologies in patients > 80 years.

(0.11MB).

Tables 4 and 5 summarize the conclusions of all these results.

Table 4.

Summary of data from the Glomerulonephritis Registry (1994-2019). General data.

Prevalence of males in all age groups 
The median age is 50 years old 
High presence of hypertension and kidney failure in adults and the elderly 
Nephrotic syndrome is the most frequent indication for kidney biopsy, followed by asymptomatic urinary abnormalities. 
Half of all diagnoses are primary kidney diseases 
IgA, membranous and lupus nephropathy are the most frequent diagnosis (1/3 of the total) 
There are changes in the temporal trends of diagnoses in general: 
-Increase of secondary GN and tubulointerstitial nephropathies and decrease of primary GN 
-Increased prevalence of IgA nephropathy and decreased of glomerulosclerosis, minimal changes, membranous and lupus nephropathy. Steadiness of vasculitis, amyloidosis and membranoproliferative GN 
Table 5.

Summary of data from the Glomerulonephritis Registry (1994-2019). Data and trends according to age groups.

<15 years
Predominance of minimal change nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and focal glomerulosclerosis. 
Increased in IgA nephropathy, membranoproliferative GN and decreased prevalence of minimal changes and glomerulosclerosis. 
15−65 years
Predominance of IgA, lupus and membranous nephropathy. 
Increasing IgA nephropathy and decreasing glomerulosclerosis and lupus. 
65−80 years
Predominance of vasculitis, diabetic and membranous nephropathy. 
Increasing IgA nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and acute interstitial nephritis, with a decrease in vasculitis, membranouse GN, amyloidosis, and glomerulosclerosis; nephroangiosclerosis unchanged. 
> 80 years
Predominance of vasculitis, amyloidosis, and acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. 
Increase in acute interstitial nephritis, minimal changes and IgA nephropathy, with a decrease in vasculitis and membranous GN and without changes in nephroangiosclerosis and diabetic nephropathy. 
Future and new challenges

Nephrology has undergone numerous changes in recent years and kidney diseases that require biopsy have not been unaffected by these modifications. The emergence of new entities (C3 GN, among others) stands out, as well as a new approach for the classification and reporting GN.147,148 Therefore, the registries must adapt to these changes in order to collect the data in a uniform and modern manner. Without a doubt, the REGN needs some changes such as:

  • a)

    Modification of the data completion sheet, with an extension of the clinical syndromes that indicate the reason to perform the renal biopsy (eg: nephrotic syndrome + acute renal failure; urinary alterations + hypertension).

  • b)

    Possibility of selecting various pathologies detected in the renal biopsy (eg: IgA N + nephroangiosclerosis; diabetic nephropathy + extracapillary GN).

  • c)

    Improve data collection to find out the incidence of the different pathologies “p.m.p”. according to the reference population of the center performing the kidney biopsies.

  • d)

    Adapt the classification of kidney disease according to the new system proposed at the Mayo Clinic.147

  • e)

    Increase participation, especially in Child Nephrology Centers.

  • f)

    Promote multicenter studies and perform studies or clinical trials based on the data obtained.

  • g)

    Maintain the analysis of the data and its subsequent publication, to determine changes in prevalence and incidence, as well as to evaluate correlations between clinical syndromes and the histological substrate.

  • h)

    Incorporate information on associated morbidity, in order to establish the diagnosis of secondary forms (eg, viral or other infections, tumors, among others), given the availability of new biomarkers.78

Finally, the REGN must remain active to maintain the achievements, accumulated experience and number of biopsies. Since it is one of the largest and most reliable registries in the world, it must continue to provide data for the improvement of clinical practice and for the development of clinical research. Knowing the quality and quantity of participating centers - despite the absence of some of them - it is predictable that the activity will not decline in the coming years.

Appendix A

Participating Hospitals and the City (in alphabetical order).

Ciudad Sanitaria Virgen de la Nieves (Granada) 
Clínica Quirón (Madrid) 
Clínica Ruber (Madrid) 
Clínica Universidad de Navarra (Navarra) 
Clínica Vistahermosa (Alicante) 
Complejo Asistencial de Palencia (Palencia) 
Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Burgos (Burgos) 
Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León (León) 
Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (Salamanca) 
Complejo Hospitalario Arquitecto Marcide Novoa Santos Ferrol (A Coruña) 
Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Pamplona) 
Complejo Hospitalario Nuestra Sra. de la Candelaria (Tenerife) 
Complejo Hospitalario Princesa de España (Jaén) 
Complejo Hospitalario San Millán y San Pedro (La Rioja) 
Complejo Hospitalario San Pedro de Alcántara (Cáceres) 
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (A Coruña) 
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (A Coruña) 
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Reina Sofía (Córdoba) 
Complejo Universitario San Carlos (Madrid) 
Consorci Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí de Sabadell (Barcelona) 
Consorci Hospitalari de Terrassa (Barcelona) 
Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia (Valencia) 
Fundació Althaia Manresa (Barcelona) 
Fundación Hospital Alcorcón (Madrid) 
Fundación Hospital Manacor (Mallorca) 
Fundación Puigvert (Barcelona) 
Hospital 12 de Octubre Infantil (Madrid) 
Hospital Arnau de Vilanova (Valencia) 
Hospital Central de Asturias Infantil (Asturias) 
Hospital Clinic i Provincial (Barcelona) 
Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (Valencia) 
Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (Valladolid) 
Hospital Clínico Universitario de Zaragoza (Zaragoza) 
Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria (Málaga) 
Hospital Comarcal de Melilla (Melilla) 
Hospital Comarcal Francesc De Borja (Valencia) 
Hospital Costa del Sol Marbella (Málaga) 
Hospital Cristal Piñor (Orense) 
Hospital de Basurto (Bilbao) 
Hospital de Bellvitge (Barcelona) 
Hospital de Cruces (Bilbao) 
Hospital de Cruces Infantil (Bilbao) 
Hospital de Jerez (Cádiz) 
Hospital de la Cruz Roja (Madrid) 
Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona) 
Hospital de León (León) 
Hospital de Manises (Valencia) 
Hospital de Navarra (Pamplona) 
Hospital de Palamós (Gerona) 
Hospital de Poniente El Ejido (Almería) 
Hospital de Sagunto (Valencia) 
Hospital de San Agustín Avilés (Asturias) 
Hospital de Torrevieja Alicante (Alicante) 
Hospital de Villajoyosa-Benidorm (Alicante) 
Hospital de Zumárraga (Guipúzcoa) 
Hospital del Aire (Madrid) 
Hospital del Henares (Madrid) 
Hospital del Mar (Barcelona) 
Hospital del Mollet (Barcelona) 
Hospital del Sureste (Madrid) 
Hospital del Tajo (Madrid) 
Hospital General de Elda (Alicante) 
Hospital General de Especialidades Ciudad de Jaén (Jaén) 
Hospital General de Granollers (Barcelona) 
Hospital General de la Marina Alta de Denia (Alicante) 
Hospital General de Segovia (Segovia) 
Hospital General de Soria (Soria) 
Hospital General Universitario de Albacete (Albacete) 
Hospital General Universitario de Alicante (Alicante) 
Hospital General Universitario de Castellón (Castellón) 
Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real (Ciudad Real) 
Hospital General Universitario de Elche (Alicante) 
Hospital General Universitario de Guadalajara (Guadalajara) 
Hospital General Universitario de Málaga Adultos (Málaga) 
Hospital General Universitario de Málaga Infantil (Málaga) 
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón Adultos (Madrid) 
Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón Infantil (Madrid) 
Hospital Gral. Univ. Reina Sofía (Murcia) 
Hospital GU Santa Lucía de Cartagena Infantil (Murcia) 
Hospital Infanta Cristina (Madrid) 
Hospital Infanta Elena (Madrid) 
Hospital Infanta Leonor (Madrid) 
Hospital Infanta Sofía (Madrid) 
Hospital Militar de Zaragoza (Zaragoza) 
Hospital Militar Gómez Ulla (Madrid) 
Hospital Montecelo (Pontevedra) 
Hospital Nuestra Señora de Sonsoles (Ávila) 
Hospital Nuestra Señora del Prado de Talavera (Toledo) 
Hospital Obispo Polanco (Teruel) 
Hospital Provincial de Pontevedra (Pontevedra) 
Hospital Público Lluis Alcanys de Xátiva (Valencia) 
Hospital Público Virgen de los Lirios (Alicante) 
Hospital Rafael Méndez (Murcia) 
Hospital Regional de Málaga Infantil (Málaga) 
Hospital Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles (Madrid) 
Hospital San Joan de Deu (Barcelona) 
Hospital San Jorge (Huesca) 
Hospital Santa María del Rosell (Murcia) 
Hospital Santiago Apóstol (Vitoria) 
Hospital Son Llàtzer (Mallorca) 
Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta (Gerona) 
Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol (Barcelona) 
Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Adultos (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario Araba (Álava) 
Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (Oviedo) 
Hospital Universitario de Badajoz (Badajoz) 
Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes Gijón (Asturias) 
Hospital Universitario de Canarias (Tenerife) 
Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario de Galdakao (Vizcaya) 
Hospital Universitario de Getafe (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín (Gran Canaria) 
Hospital Universitario de Granada (Granada) 
Hospital Universitario de la Princesa (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real (Cádiz) 
Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset (Valencia) 
Hospital Universitario Donostia (Guipúzcoa) 
Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario Infantil Niño Jesús (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario Insular de Las Palmas (Gran Canaria) 
Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII (Tarragona) 
Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez (Huelva) 
Hospital Universitario La Fe Adultos (Valencia) 
Hospital Universitario La Fe Infantil (Valencia) 
Hospital Universitario La Paz (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario La Paz Infantil (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (Lugo) 
Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (Santander) 
Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet (Zaragoza) 
Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet Infantil (Zaragoza) 
Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria (Tenerife) 
Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Valme (Sevilla) 
Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar (Cádiz) 
Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal Infantil (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario Río Hortega (Valladolid 
Hospital Universitario San Agustín (Oviedo) 
Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa (Madrid) 
Hospital Universitario Son Espases (Mallorca) 
Hospital Universitario Torrecárdenas (Almería) 
Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebrón (Barcelona) 
Hospital Universitario Vall Hebrón Infantil (Barcelona) 
Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (Murcia) 
Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío (Sevilla) 
Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (Sevilla) 
Hospital Valle Del Nalón (Asturias) 
Hospital Virgen de la Concha (Zamora) 
Hospital Virgen de la Luz (Cuenca) 
Hospital Virgen de la Salud (Toledo) 
Hospital Virgen del Rocío Infantil (Sevilla) 
Hospital Vithas Xanit Internacional Benalmádena (Málaga) 
Hospital Xeral Cíes (Pontevedra) 
Policlínica Miramar (Mallorca) 
Policlínico de Vigo, SA (Pontevedra) 
Sanatorio Perpetuo Socorro (Alicante) 

References
[1]
A. Gonzalo, R. Matesanz, J.L. Teruel, J. Ortuno.
Incidence of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in a Spanish population.
Clin Nephrol, 26 (1986), pp. 161
[2]
V. Gutiérrez Millet, M. Praga, J.M. Morales, A. Andrés.
Descenso de la incidencia de la glomerulonefritis membranoproliferativa en el sur de Madrid.
Nefrología, 6 (1986), pp. 110
[3]
J.M. López-Gómez, R. Pérez-García, A. Franco.
Epidemiología de las glomerulonefritis idiopáticas.
Nefrología, 7 (1987), pp. 100-101
[4]
Grupo de Estudio de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología. Evolución de la incidencia de la glomerulonefritis membranoproliferativa en la población infantil española. Un estudio de 1.364 biopsias renales.
Nefrología, 7 (1987), pp. 227-232
[5]
Grupo de Estudio de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología. Descenso progresivo de la incidencia de la glomerulonefritis membranoproliferativa en España. Un estudio de 8.545 biopsias renales.
Nefrología, 7 (1987), pp. 23-28
[6]
Grupo de Estudio de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología.Variaciones de la incidencia de las distintas formas de glomerulonefritis primarias en España. Un estudio de 8.545 biopsias renales.
Nefrología, 8 (1988), pp. 105-113
[7]
R. Matesanz.
Los estudios cooperativos de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología, 7 (1987), pp. 223-224
[8]
Registro Español de Glomerulonefritis (REGN).
Evolución de las glomerulonefritis primarias y secundarias en España en los años 1987 y 1988.
Nefrología, 10 (1990), pp. 8-18
[9]
R. Pérez-García, J.M. López-Gómez, R. Jofre, F. Valderrábano.
Epidemiología del síndrome nefrótico en España.
Nefrología, 10 (1990), pp. 1-7
[10]
Registro Español de Glomerulonefritis (REGN).
Evolución de las glomerulonefritis en España en los años 1987 y 1988. Segunda parte: GN secundarias en adultos y GN en niños.
Nefrología, 11 (1991), pp. 17-23
[11]
Registro Español de Glomerulonefritis.
Evolución de la frecuencia de las glomerulonefritis de las glomerulonefritis primarias y secundarias en España en los años 1989 y 1990.
Nefrología, 12 (1992), pp. 215-222
[12]
Registro Español de Glomerulonefritis.
Epidemiología de las glomerulonefritis. Datos de 1993.
Nefrología, 15 (1995), pp. 435-444
[13]
Registro Español de Glomerulonefritis.
Epidemiología de las glomerulonefritis. Datos de 1994-1995.
Nefrología, 17 (1997), pp. 195-205
[14]
Registro Español de Glomerulonefritis.
Epidemiología de las glomerulonefritis en el anciano.
Nefrología, 17 (1997), pp. 35-42
[15]
F. Rivera, J.M. López-Gómez, R. Pérez-García.
Nefrología. RdGSEd. Epidemiología de las biopsias renales en España. Datos de 1996 y 1997.
Nefrología, 19 (1999), pp. 124-134
[16]
F. Rivera, J.M. López-Gómez, R. Pérez-García.
Frequency of renal pathology in Spain 1994-1999.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 17 (2002), pp. 1594-1602
[17]
Study Group of the Spanish Society of Nephrology.
Progressively decreasing incidence of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in Spanish adult population. A multicentre study of 8,545 cases of primary glomerulonephritis.
Nephron, 52 (1989), pp. 370-371
[18]
F. Rivera, J.M. López-Gómez, R. Pérez-García.
Clinicopathologic correlations of renal pathology in Spain.
Kidney Int, 66 (2004), pp. 898-904
[19]
J.M. López-Gómez, F. Rivera.
Renal biopsy findings in acute renal failure in the cohort of patients in the Spanish Registry of Glomerulonephritis.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 3 (2008), pp. 674-681
[20]
E. Verde, B. Quiroga, F. Rivera, J.M. López-Gómez.
Renal Biopsy in Very Elderly Patients: Data from the Spanish Registry of Glomerulonephritis.
Am J Nephrol, 35 (2012), pp. 230-237
[21]
C. Vozmediano, F. Rivera, J.M. Lopez-Gomez, D. Hernandez.
Risk factors for renal failure in patients with lupus nephritis: data from the spanish registry of glomerulonephritis.
Nephron Extra, 2 (2012), pp. 269-277
[22]
M. Goicoechea, F. Rivera.
Lopez-Gomez JM, on behalf of all the members of the Spanish Registry of G. Increased prevalence of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 28 (2013), pp. 112-115
[23]
N. Panizo, F. Rivera, J.M. Lopez-Gomez.
All the members of the Spanish Registry of G. Decreasing incidence of AA amyloidosis in Spain.
Eur J Clin Invest, 43 (2013), pp. 767-773
[24]
B. Quiroga, A. Vega, F. Rivera, J.M. Lopez-Gomez.
Crescentic glomerulonephritis: data from the Spanish Glomerulonephritis Registry.
Intern Med J, 45 (2015), pp. 557-562
[25]
J.L. Conde, M. Acevedo, A. Roca, et al.
Estudio evolutivo de las glomerulonefritis en Castilla-La Mancha (GLOMANCHA) en el periodo 1994-2008.
Nefrologia, 36 (2016), pp. 237-242
[26]
C. Yuste, F. Rivera, J.A. Moreno, J.M. Lopez-Gomez.
Haematuria on the Spanish Registry of Glomerulonephritis.
Sci Rep, 6 (2016), pp. 19732
[27]
E. Gutiérrez, M. Praga, F. Rivera, et al.
Changes in the clinical presentation of immunoglobulin A nephropathy: data from the Spanish Registry of Glomerulonephritis.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 33 (2018), pp. 472-477
[28]
Registro de Glomerulonefritis de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología. (Accessed 20/01/2020, at https://www.senefro.org/modules.php?name=webstructure&idwebstructure=80.).
[29]
A. McGrogan, C.F.M. Franssen, C.S. de Vries.
The incidence of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide: a systematic review of the literature.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 26 (2011), pp. 414-430
[30]
M. Fiorentino, D. Bolignano, V. Tesar, et al.
Renal Biopsy in 2015 - From Epidemiology to Evidence-Based Indications.
Am J Nephrol, 43 (2016), pp. 1-19
[31]
R. Yahya, S. Bavanandan, Y.C. Yap, et al.
Report of the Malaysian Registry of Renal Biopsy (MRRB).
Med J Malaysia, 63 (2008), pp. 18-19
[32]
G. Bollée, F. Martinez, B. Moulin, et al.
Renal biopsy practice in France: results of a nationwide study.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 25 (2010), pp. 3579-3585
[33]
Pesce F, Schena FP.
Worldwide distribution of glomerular diseases: the role of renal biopsy registries..
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 25 (2010), pp. 334-336
[34]
L. Gesualdo, A.M. Di Palma, L.F. Morrone, G.F. Strippoli, F.P. Schena.
The Italian experience of the national registry of renal biopsies.
Kidney Int, 66 (2004), pp. 890-894
[35]
F. Rivera, J.M. López-Gómez, R. Pérez-García.
Papel del Registro de Glomerulonefritis de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología: pasado, presente y futuro.
Nefrología, 20 (2000), pp. 41-44
[36]
V.E. Andreucci, G. Fuiano, P. Stanziale, M. Andreucci.
Role of renal biopsy in the diagnosis and prognosis of acute renal failure.
Kidney Int Suppl, 66 (1998), pp. S91-5
[37]
I.E. Stillman, E.Q. Lima, E.A. Burdmann.
Renal biopsies in acute kidney injury: who are we missing?.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 3 (2008), pp. 647-648
[38]
J.A. Jefferson, C.E. Alpers.
Diagnosis: should renal biopsies be performed in the very elderly?.
Nat Rev Nephrol, 5 (2009), pp. 561-562
[39]
A.S. Bomback, L.C. Herlitz, G.S. Markowitz.
Renal biopsy in the elderly and very elderly: useful or not?.
Adv Chronic Kidney Dis, 19 (2012), pp. 61-67
[40]
J.B. Wetmore, H. Guo, J. Liu, A.J. Collins, D.T. Gilbertson.
The incidence, prevalence, and outcomes of glomerulonephritis derived from a large retrospective analysis.
Kidney Int, 90 (2016), pp. 853-860
[41]
D.C. Cattran.
Toward quantitating the burden of glomerulonephritis in the United States.
Kidney Int, 90 (2016), pp. 732-734
[42]
G.L. Braden, J.G. Mulhern, M.H. O’Shea, S.V. Nash, A.A. Ucci Jr, M.J. Germain.
Changing incidence of glomerular diseases in adults.
Am J Kidney Dis, 35 (2000), pp. 878-883
[43]
S. Swaminathan, N. Leung, D.J. Lager, et al.
Changing incidence of glomerular disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota: a 30-year renal biopsy study.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 1 (2006), pp. 483-487
[44]
L.F. Arias, J. Henao, R.D. Giraldo, N. Carvajal, J. Rodelo, M. Arbelaez.
Glomerular diseases in a Hispanic population: review of a regional renal biopsy database.
Sao Paulo Med J, 127 (2009), pp. 140-144
[45]
C.M. Brown, L. Scheven, P. O’Kelly, A.M. Dorman, J.J. Walshe.
Renal histology in the elderly: indications and outcomes.
J Nephrol, 25 (2012), pp. 240-244
[46]
O. Wirta, J. Mustonen, H. Helin, A. Pasternack.
Incidence of biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 23 (2008), pp. 193-200
[47]
M. Mesquita, C. Fosso, E. Bakoto Sol, et al.
Renal biopsy findings in Belgium: a retrospective single center analysis.
Acta Clin Belg, 66 (2011), pp. 104-109
[48]
N. Braun, A. Schweisfurth, C. Lohofener, et al.
Epidemiology of glomerulonephritis in Northern Germany.
Int Urol Nephrol, 43 (2011), pp. 1117-1126
[49]
C.M. Zink, S. Ernst, J. Riehl, et al.
Trends of renal diseases in Germany: review of a regional renal biopsy database from 1990 to 2013.
Clin Kidney J, 12 (2019), pp. 795-800
[50]
E. Carvalho, M. do Sameiro Faria, J.P. Nunes, S. Sampaio, C. Valbuena.
Renal diseases: a 27-year renal biopsy study.
J Nephrol, 19 (2006), pp. 500-507
[51]
M.H. Polenakovic, L. Grcevska, S. Dzikova.
The incidence of biopsy-proven primary glomerulonephritis in the Republic of Macedonia-long-term follow-up.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 18 (2003), pp. v26-7
[52]
R. Naumovic, S. Pavlovic, D. Stojkovic, G. Basta-Jovanovic, V. Nesic.
Renal biopsy registry from a single centre in Serbia: 20 years of experience.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 24 (2009), pp. 877-885
[53]
I. Kurnatowska, D. Jedrzejka, A. Malyska, M. Wagrowska-Danilewicz, M. Danilewicz, M. Nowicki.
Trends in the incidence of biopsy-proven glomerular diseases in the adult population in central Poland in the years 1990-2010.
Kidney Blood Press Res, 35 (2012), pp. 254-258
[54]
B. Narasimhan, B. Chacko, G.T. John, A. Korula, M.G. Kirubakaran, C.K. Jacob.
Characterization of kidney lesions in Indian adults: towards a renal biopsy registry.
J Nephrol, 19 (2006), pp. 205-210
[55]
M. Honma, M. Toyoda, T. Umezono, et al.
An investigation of 2,093 renal biopsies performed at Tokai University Hospital between 1976 and 2000.
Clin Nephrol, 69 (2008), pp. 18-23
[56]
F.-D. Zhou, M.-H. Zhao, W.-Z. Zou, G. Liu, H. Wang.
The changing spectrum of primary glomerular diseases within 15 years: a survey of 3331 patients in a single Chinese centre.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 24 (2009), pp. 870-876
[57]
J.H. Chang, D.K. Kim, H.W. Kim, et al.
Changing prevalence of glomerular diseases in Korean adults: a review of 20 years of experience.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 24 (2009), pp. 2406-2410
[58]
T. Kanjanabuch, W. Kittikovit, S. Lewsuwan, et al.
Etiologies of glomerular diseases in Thailand: a renal biopsy study of 506 cases.
J Med Assoc Thai, 88 (2005), pp. S305-S311
[59]
P. Parichatikanond, R. Chawanasuntorapoj, C. Shayakul, et al.
An analysis of 3,555 cases of renal biopsy in Thailand.
J Med Assoc Thai, 89 (2006), pp. S106-S111
[60]
S. Ibrahim, A. Fayed.
The incidence of biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis in Cairo University, Egypt: a 5-year study.
Nephrol Dial Transplant Plus, 2 (2009), pp. 431-432
[61]
M. Elkhatib, M.S. Elnahed, S. Fadda, M. Eldeeb, G. Saadi.
The change in the spectrum of glomerulonephritis in Egypt over the past decade.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl, 23 (2012), pp. 1065-1067
[62]
I. Okpechi, C. Swanepoel, M. Duffield, et al.
Patterns of renal disease in Cape Town South Africa: a 10-year review of a single-centre renal biopsy database.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 26 (2011), pp. 1853-1861
[63]
A. Mohapatra, S. Kakde, V.M. Annapandian, et al.
Spectrum of biopsy proven renal disease in South Asian children: Two decades at a tropical tertiary care centre.
Nephrology (Carlton), 23 (2018), pp. 1013-1022
[64]
M. Mubarak, J.I. Kazi, R. Naqvi, et al.
Pattern of renal diseases observed in native renal biopsies in adults in a single centre in Pakistan.
Nephrology (Carlton), 16 (2011), pp. 87-92
[65]
M. Haas, S.M. Meehan, T.G. Karrison, B.H. Spargo.
Changing etiologies of unexplained adult nephrotic syndrome: a comparison of renal biopsy findings from 1976-1979 and 1995-1997.
Am J Kidney Dis, 30 (1997), pp. 621-631
[66]
F.-D. Zhou, H.-Y. Shen, M. Chen, et al.
The renal histopathological spectrum of patients with nephrotic syndrome: an analysis of 1523 patients in a single Chinese centre.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 26 (2011), pp. 3993-3997
[67]
J.I. Kazi, M. Mubarak, E. Ahmed, F. Akhter, S.A. Naqvi, S.A. Rizvi.
Spectrum of glomerulonephritides in adults with nephrotic syndrome in Pakistan.
Clin Exp Nephrol, 13 (2009), pp. 38-43
[68]
M. Haas, B.H. Spargo, E.J. Wit, S.M. Meehan.
Etiologies and outcome of acute renal insufficiency in older adults: a renal biopsy study of 259 cases.
Am J Kidney Dis, 35 (2000), pp. 433-447
[69]
J. Prakash, D. Sen, N.S. Kumar, H. Kumar, L.K. Tripathi, R.K. Saxena.
Acute renal failure due to intrinsic renal diseases: review of 1122 cases.
Ren Fail, 25 (2003), pp. 225-233
[70]
J. Dimitrijevic, Z. Kovacevic, D. Jovanovic, L. Ignjatovic, V. Rabrenovic, L. Djukanovic.
Asymptomatic urinary abnormalities: histopathological analysis.
Pathol Res Pract, 205 (2009), pp. 295-302
[71]
R.J. Wyatt, B.A. Julian, R.W. Baehler, et al.
Epidemiology of IgA nephropathy in central and eastern Kentucky for the period 1975 through 1994. Central Kentucky Region of the Southeastern United States IgA Nephropathy DATABANK Project.
J Am Soc Nephrol, 9 (1998), pp. 853-858
[72]
R. Nair, P.D. Walker.
Is IgA nephropathy the commonest primary glomerulopathy among young adults in the USA?.
Kidney Int, 69 (2006), pp. 1455-1458
[73]
M. Haas, B.H. Spargo, S. Coventry.
Increasing incidence of focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis among adult nephropathies: a 20-year renal biopsy study.
Am J Kidney Dis, 26 (1995), pp. 740-750
[74]
C. Kitiyakara, P. Eggers, J.B. Kopp.
Twenty-one-year trend in ESRD due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in the United States.
Am J Kidney Dis, 44 (2004), pp. 815-825
[75]
M. Bahiense-Oliveira, L.B. Saldanha, E.L. Mota, D.O. Penna, R.T. Barros, J.E. Romao-Junior.
Primary glomerular diseases in Brazil (1979-1999): is the frequency of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis increasing?.
Clin Nephrol, 61 (2004), pp. 90-97
[76]
H.M. Mazzarolo, J. Cruz, A.L. Silva Jr, L.B. Saldanha, D. de Oliveira Penna.
Prevalence of adult primary glomerular diseases: retrospective analysis of 206 kidney biopsies (1990-1993).
Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo, 51 (1996), pp. 3-6
[77]
J.B. Hanko, R.N. Mullan, D.M. O’Rourke, P.T. McNamee, A.P. Maxwell, A.E. Courtney.
The changing pattern of adult primary glomerular disease.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 24 (2009), pp. 3050-3054
[78]
P. Hamilton, F. Wilson, R. Chinnadurai, et al.
The investigative burden of membranous nephropathy in the United Kingdom.
Clin Kidney J, 13 (2020), pp. 27-34
[79]
S.E. Lane, D.G. Scott, A. Heaton, R.A. Watts.
Primary renal vasculitis in Norfolk--increasing incidence or increasing recognition?.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 15 (2000), pp. 23-27
[80]
E.E. Pettersson, B. Sundelin, Z. Heigl.
Incidence and outcome of pauci-immune necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis in adults.
Clin Nephrol, 43 (1995), pp. 141-149
[81]
M. Ots, V. Salupere, R. Uibo.
Regional incidence of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in Estonia.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 12 (1997), pp. 2794-2796
[82]
P. van Paassen, P.J. van Breda Vriesman, H. van Rie, J.W. Tervaert.
Signs and symptoms of thin basement membrane nephropathy: a prospective regional study on primary glomerular disease-The Limburg Renal Registry.
Kidney Int, 66 (2004), pp. 909-913
[83]
X.Q. Dang, Z.W. Yi, X.J. He, et al.
Clinicopathologic characteristics of 1,316 children with renal disease.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi, 9 (2007), pp. 117-121
[84]
S. Uezono, S. Hara, Y. Sato, et al.
Renal biopsy in elderly patients: a clinicopathological analysis.
Ren Fail, 28 (2006), pp. 549-555
[85]
O. Harmankaya, Y. Okuturlar, H. Kocoglu, et al.
Renal biopsy in the elderly: a single-center experience.
Int Urol Nephrol, 47 (2015), pp. 1397-1401
[86]
A. Omokawa, A. Komatsuda, M. Nara, et al.
Renal biopsy in patients aged 80 years and older: a single-center experience in Japan.
Clin Nephrol, 77 (2012), pp. 461-467
[87]
D.A. Moutzouris, L. Herlitz, G.B. Appel, et al.
Renal biopsy in the very elderly.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 4 (2009), pp. 1073-1082
[88]
P.A. Johnston, J.S. Brown, D.A. Braumholtz, A.M. Davison.
Clinico-pathological correlations and long-term follow-up of 253 United Kingdom patients with IgA nephropathy. A report from the MRC Glomerulonephritis Registry.
Q J Med, 84 (1992), pp. 619-627
[89]
N. Hedger, J. Stevens, N. Drey, S. Walker, P. Roderick.
Incidence and outcome of pauci-immune rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in Wessex, UK: a 10-year retrospective study.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 15 (2000), pp. 1593-1599
[90]
P.A. Johnston, S.J. Coulshed, A.M. Davison.
Renal biopsy findings in patients older than 65 years of age presenting with the nephrotic syndrome. A report from the MRC Glomerulonephritis Registry.
Contrib Nephrol, 105 (1993), pp. 127-132
[91]
E.P. McQuarrie, B. Mackinnon, B. Young, et al.
Centre variation in incidence, indication and diagnosis of adult native renal biopsy in Scotland.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 24 (2009), pp. 1524-1528
[92]
P. Simon, M.P. Ramee, V. Autuly, et al.
Epidemiology of primary glomerular diseases in a French region. Variations according to period and age.
Kidney Int, 46 (1994), pp. 1192-1198
[93]
P. Simon, M.P. Ramee, R. Boulahrouz, et al.
Epidemiologic data of primary glomerular diseases in western France.
Kidney Int, 66 (2004), pp. 905-908
[94]
D. Painter, D. Clouston, E. Ahn, et al.
The pattern of glomerular disease in New Caledonia: preliminary findings.
Pathology, 28 (1996), pp. 32-35
[95]
P. Stratta, G.P. Segoloni, C. Canavese, et al.
Incidence of biopsy-proven primary glomerulonephritis in an Italian province.
Am J Kidney Dis, 27 (1996), pp. 631-639
[96]
F. Schena.
Survey of the Italian Registry of Renal Biopsies. Frequency of the renal diseases for 7 consecutive years. The Italian Group of Renal Immunopathology.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 12 (1997), pp. 418-426
[97]
R. Coppo, B. Gianoglio, M.G. Porcellini, S. Maringhini.
Frequency of renal diseases and clinical indications for renal biopsy in children (report of the Italian National Registry of Renal Biopsies in Children). Group of Renal Immunopathology of the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology and Group of Renal Immunopathology of the Italian Society of Nephrology.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 13 (1998), pp. 293-297
[98]
F. Vendemia, L. Gesualdo, F.P. Schena, G. D’Amico.
Epidemiology of primary glomerulonephritis in the elderly. Report from the Italian Registry of Renal Biopsy.
J Nephrol, 14 (2001), pp. 340-352
[99]
A. Lupo, P. Bernich, F. Antonucci, M. Dugo, P. Riegler, M. Carraro.
Kidney diseases with chronic renal failure in the Italian renal biopsy registries.
G Ital Nefrol, 25 (2008), pp. S20-6
[100]
G. Zaza, P. Bernich, A. Lupo.
Incidence of primary glomerulonephritis in a large North-Eastern Italian area: a 13-year renal biopsy study.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 28 (2013), pp. 367-372
[101]
G. Zaza, P. Bernich, A. Lupo.
Triveneto’ Register of Renal B. Renal biopsy in chronic kidney disease: lessons from a large Italian registry.
Am J Nephrol, 37 (2013), pp. 255-263
[102]
K.S. Chugh.
Renal disease in India.
Am J Kidney Dis, 31 (1998),
[103]
T.M. Yahya, A. Pingle, Y. Boobes, S. Pingle.
Analysis of 490 kidney biopsies: data from the United Arab Emirates Renal Diseases Registry.
J Nephrol, 11 (1998), pp. 148-150
[104]
Research group on progressive chronic renal diseases.
Nationwide and Long-Term Survey of Primary Glomerulonephritis in Japan as Observed in 1,850 Biopsied Cases.
Nephron, 82 (1999), pp. 205-213
[105]
K. Iseki, F. Miyasato, H. Uehara, et al.
Outcome study of renal biopsy patients in Okinawa.
Japan. Kidney Int, 66 (2004), pp. 914-919
[106]
E. Imai, M. Horio, T. Watanabe, et al.
Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the Japanese general population.
Clin Exp Nephrol, 13 (2009), pp. 621-630
[107]
H. Sugiyama, H. Yokoyama, H. Sato, et al.
Japan Renal Biopsy Registry: the first nationwide, web-based, and prospective registry system of renal biopsies in Japan.
Clin Exp Nephrol, 15 (2011), pp. 493-503
[108]
H. Yokoyama, H. Sugiyama, H. Sato, et al.
Renal disease in the elderly and the very elderly Japanese: analysis of the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR).
Clin Exp Nephrol, 16 (2012), pp. 903-920
[109]
H. Yokoyama, T. Taguchi, H. Sugiyama, et al.
Membranous nephropathy in Japan: analysis of the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR).
Clin Exp Nephrol, 16 (2012), pp. 557-563
[110]
T. Kawamura, J. Usui, K. Kaseda, et al.
Primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis on the decline: decreased rate from the 1970s to the 2000s in Japan.
Clin Exp Nephrol, 17 (2013), pp. 248-254
[111]
H. Sugiyama, H. Yokoyama, H. Sato, et al.
Japan Renal Biopsy Registry and Japan Kidney Disease Registry: Committee Report for 2009 and 2010.
Clin Exp Nephrol, 17 (2013), pp. 155-173
[112]
H. Yokoyama, H. Sugiyama, I. Narita, et al.
Outcomes of primary nephrotic syndrome in elderly Japanese: retrospective analysis of the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR).
Clin Exp Nephrol, 19 (2015), pp. 496-505
[113]
H. Yokoyama, I. Narita, H. Sugiyama, et al.
Drug-induced kidney disease: a study of the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry from 2007 to 2015.
Clin Exp Nephrol, 20 (2016), pp. 720-730
[114]
H. Nakashima, M. Kawano, T. Saeki, et al.
Estimation of the number of histological diagnosis for IgG4-related kidney disease referred to the data obtained from the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR) questionnaire and cases reported in the Japanese Society of Nephrology Meetings.
Clin Exp Nephrol, 21 (2017), pp. 97-103
[115]
K. Hiromura, H. Ikeuchi, K. Kayakabe, et al.
Clinical and histological features of lupus nephritis in Japan: A cross-sectional analysis of the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR).
Nephrology (Carlton), 22 (2017), pp. 885-891
[116]
S. Nishi, E. Muso, A. Shimizu, et al.
A clinical evaluation of renal amyloidosis in the Japan renal biopsy registry: a cross-sectional study.
Clin Exp Nephrol, 21 (2017), pp. 624-632
[117]
H. Komatsu, S. Fujimoto, S. Maruyama, et al.
Distinct characteristics and outcomes in elderly-onset IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schonlein purpura) with nephritis: Nationwide cohort study of data from the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR).
PLoS One, 13 (2018),
[118]
N. Nakagawa, N. Hasebe, M. Hattori, et al.
Clinical features and pathogenesis of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis: a nationwide analysis of the Japan renal biopsy registry from 2007 to 2015.
Clin Exp Nephrol, 22 (2018), pp. 797-807
[119]
J. Heaf, H. Lokkegaard, S. Larsen.
The epidemiology and prognosis of glomerulonephritis in Denmark 1985-1997.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 14 (1999), pp. 1889-1897
[120]
Heaf J. The Danish Renal Biopsy Register.
Kidney Int, 66 (2004), pp. 895-897
[121]
K.T. Woo, G.S. Chiang, A. Pall, P.H. Tan, Y.K. Lau, Y.M. Chin.
The changing pattern of glomerulonephritis in Singapore over the past two decades.
Clin Nephrol, 52 (1999), pp. 96-102
[122]
A. Hurtado, E. Escudero, C.S. Stromquist, et al.
Distinct patterns of glomerular disease in Lima.
Peru. Clin Nephrol, 53 (2000), pp. 325-332
[123]
E.M. Briganti, J. Dowling, M. Finlay, et al.
The incidence of biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis in Australia.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 16 (2001), pp. 1364-1367
[124]
I.J. Choi, H.J. Jeong, D.S. Han, et al.
An analysis of 4,514 cases of renal biopsy in Korea.
Yonsei Med J, 42 (2001), pp. 247-254
[125]
L.S. Li, Z.H. Liu.
Epidemiologic data of renal diseases from a single unit in China: analysis based on 13,519 renal biopsies.
Kidney Int, 66 (2004), pp. 920-923
[126]
I. Rychlik, E. Jancova, V. Tesar, et al.
The Czech registry of renal biopsies. Occurrence of renal diseases in the years 1994-2000.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 19 (2004), pp. 3040-3049
[127]
D. Maixnerova, E. Jancova, J. Skibova, et al.
Nationwide biopsy survey of renal diseases in the Czech Republic during the years 1994-2011.
J Nephrol, 28 (2015), pp. 39-49
[128]
T. Sipiczki, Z. Ondrik, G. Abraham, et al.
The incidence of renal diseases as diagnosed by biopsy in Hungary.
Orv Hetil, 145 (2004), pp. 1373-1379
[129]
I. Horvatic, M. Tisljar, S. Bulimbasic, B. Bozic, D. Galesic Ljubanovic, K. Galesic.
Epidemiologic data of adult native biopsy-proven renal diseases in Croatia.
Int Urol Nephrol, 45 (2013), pp. 1577-1587
[130]
N. Mazzuchi, H. Acosta, E. Caorsi, et al.
Frecuencia de diagnóstico y de presentación clínica de las glomerulopatíasen el Uruguay.
Nefrología, 25 (2005), pp. 113-120
[131]
A. Covic, A. Schiller, C. Volovat, et al.
Epidemiology of renal disease in Romania: a 10 year review of two regional renal biopsy databases.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 21 (2006), pp. 419-424
[132]
P. Gusbeth-Tatomir, S. Ardeleanu, M. Covic, I.D. Caruntu, C. Volovat, A. Covic.
Epidemiology of biopsy-proven renal disease in Romania: data from a regional registry in north-eastern Romania.
Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi, 110 (2006), pp. 540-547
[133]
P. Malafronte, G. Mastroianni-Kirsztajn, G.N. Betonico, et al.
Paulista registry of glomerulonephritis: 5-year data report.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 21 (2006), pp. 3098-3105
[134]
M.G. Polito, L.A.R. de Moura, G.M. Kirsztajn.
An overview on frequency of renal biopsy diagnosis in Brazil: clinical and pathological patterns based on 9617 native kidney biopsies.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 25 (2010), pp. 490-496
[135]
D.M. Costa, L.M. Valente, P.A. Gouveia, et al.
Comparative analysis of primary and secondary glomerulopathies in the northeast of Brazil: data from the Pernambuco Registry of Glomerulopathies - REPEG.
J Bras Nefrol, 39 (2017), pp. 29-35
[136]
S. Machado, T. Quadros, Y. Watanabe, C.F. Aquino, A. Otoni, S.W. Pinto.
Most common histopathological patterns of the Minas Gerais Association of the Centers of Nephrology.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992), 65 (2019), pp. 441-445
[137]
H.H. Karnib, A.G. Gharavi, G. Aftimos, et al.
A 5-year survey of biopsy proven kidney diseases in Lebanon: significant variation in prevalence of primary glomerular diseases by age, population structure and consanguinity.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 25 (2010), pp. 3962-3969
[138]
J.B. Layton, S.L. Hogan, C.E. Jennette, et al.
Discrepancy between Medical Evidence Form 2728 and renal biopsy for glomerular diseases.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol, 5 (2010), pp. 2046-2052
[139]
E. Brazdziute, M. Miglinas, E. Gruodyte, et al.
Nationwide renal biopsy data in Lithuania 1994-2012.
Int Urol Nephrol, 47 (2015), pp. 655-662
[140]
K. Fidan, I. Isik Gonul, B. Buyukkaragoz, E. Isiyel, T. Arinsoy, O. Soylemezoglu.
Changing trends in pediatric renal biopsies: analysis of pediatric renal biopsies in national nephrology registry data.
Ren Fail, 38 (2016), pp. 1228-1233
[141]
L.E. Barrera, R.D.P. Lopez, A.A. Florez, R.E. Andrade.
The spectrum of glomerular disease between the years 2003 and 2015 in Columbia: A review of 12,613 cases.
Rev Esp Patol, 50 (2017), pp. 3-7
[142]
G.E. Norby, G. Mjoen, R. Bjorneklett, et al.
Outcome in biopsy-proven Lupus nephritis: evaluation of biopsies from the Norwegian Kidney Biopsy Registry.
Lupus, 26 (2017), pp. 881-885
[143]
R. Bjorneklett, L. Bostad, A.S. Fismen.
Prognosis and histological classification in elderly patients with ANCA-Glomerulonephritis: a registry-based cohort study.
Biomed Res Int, 2018 (2018),
[144]
R. Bjorneklett, V. Solbakken, L. Bostad, A.S. Fismen.
Exploring sex-specific differences in the presentation and outcomes of ANCA-associated vasculitis: a nationwide registry-based cohort study.
Int Urol Nephrol, 50 (2018), pp. 1311-1318
[145]
A. Perkowska-Ptasinska, A. Bartczak, M. Wagrowska-Danilewicz, et al.
Clinicopathologic correlations of renal pathology in the adult population of Poland.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 32 (2017),
[146]
C. Kitiyakara, J.B. Kopp, P. Eggers.
Trends in the epidemiology of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
Semin Nephrol, 23 (2003), pp. 172-182
[147]
S. Sethi, F.C. Fervenza.
Standardized classification and reporting of glomerulonephritis.
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 34 (2018), pp. 193-199
[148]
S. Sethi, M. Haas, G.S. Markowitz, et al.
Mayo clinic/renal pathology society consensus report on pathologic classification, diagnosis, and reporting of GN.
J Am Soc Nephrol, 27 (2016), pp. 1278-1287
[149]
Research Group of Progressive Chronic Renal Disease.
Nationwide and long-term survey of primary glomerulonephritis in Japan as observed in 1,850 biopsied cases. Research Group on Progressive Chronic Renal Disease.
Nephron, 82 (1999), pp. 205-213

Please cite this article as: López-Gómez JM, Rivera F. Registro de glomerulonefritis de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología en 2019: pasado, presente y nuevos retos. Nefrologia. 2020;40:371–383.

Copyright © 2020. Sociedad Española de Nefrología
Download PDF
Idiomas
Nefrología (English Edition)
Article options
Tools
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?